Impact of 25-hydroxy vitamin D levels in severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 patients with respect to clinical and biochemical profile: An experience from a tertiary care hospital.

INTRODUCTION: Among the many micronutrients, Vitamin D deficiency has been associated with the severity of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 patients. DESIGN AND METHODS: A retrospective observational study was conducted on Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 patients admitted to a tertiary care hospital between April 5, 2021, and May 5, 2021. RESULTS: Among 285 patients,77.2 % of the patients who stayed for more than 14 days were either Vitamin D insufficient or deficient [P value < 0.05]. In our study, the mean oxygen saturation at admission was 85.7 % in the Vitamin D deficiency group compared to 95.6 % in Vitamin D sufficiency patients [P value < 0.05]. Mean serum ferritin was 398 ng/ml in the Vitamin D deficiency group compared to 393 ng/ml in Vitamin D sufficiency patients [P value > 0.05]. The mean C-reactive protein was 107.6 mg/ml in the Vitamin D deficiency group compared to 21.8 ng/ml in Vitamin D sufficiency patients [P value < 0.05]. The mean D-Dimer was 2268 ng/ml in the Vitamin D deficiency group compared to 781 ng/ml in Vitamin D sufficiency patients [P value < 0.05]. In the non-survivor group,97.4 % were Vitamin D deficient and insufficient. Only 2 % of the patients who survived were Vitamin D deficient [P value < 0.05]. CONCLUSION: We observed that low 25-hydroxy Vitamin D levels were associated with lower oxygen saturation and higher acute physiology and chronic health evaluation II scores, requiring a more extended stay in the hospital. C-reactive protein and D-dimers were significantly higher in Vitamin D deficient patients, suggesting severe disease. We did not find statistically significant findings in the case of the correlation of serum ferritin levels with Vitamin D status.

Scimitar syndrome - An incidental diagnosis in a case of fibroadenoma.

Scimitar syndrome is a rare congenital anomaly which is characterised by anomalous pulmonary venous drainage of the either entire right lung or part of it into the inferior vena cava or portal vein or hepatic vein or right atrium occasionally. This can be associated with hypoplasia of the right lung, dextroposition, underdevelopment of right pulmonary artery and anomalous systemic arterial supply from the descending aorta to the hypoplastic lung. A 36 year old female came with history of swelling in the right breast which turned up to be right breast fibroadenoma. Routine chest radiograph revealed scimitar syndrome which was confirmed on CECT chest.

Clinical and biochemical profile of COVID-19 patients admitted in a tertiary care hospital in Visakhapatnam, India during post unlock 2.0 - a retrospective study.

There have been more than 31378143 confirmed coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) cases in India. It was declared a pandemic by the World Health Organization (WHO) on March 11, 2020. Because the risk of severe COVID-19 is not consistent across all individuals, uncertainty is linked to disease development. COVID-19 results have been related to systemic inflammation as a predictor. In COVID-19, increased levels of inflammatory markers have been associated with cytokine storm, coagulopathy, and endothelial dysfunction. A significant amount of research suggests that these results have a role in the cause of death in individuals suffering from a severe form of COVID-19. We aim to show our experience of COVID-19 at GITAM Institute of Medical Sciences and Research (GIMSR), Visakhapatnam. We analyzed data on 558 patients admitted to our dedicated COVID hospital during post unlock (UL) 2.0 in India from August 2 to August 31, 2020. The mean age was 43.65 years; 69% of them were male. Using MoHFW India severity guidelines, 68.10% were mild, 18.64% were moderate, and 13.26% were severe cases. Fatigue (66.13%) was the most common complaint, followed by anosmia (63.80%), fever (57.53%), diarrhea (56.09%), shortness of breath (22.40%), and others. The most common preexisting comorbidity seen in our patients was diabetes mellitus and hypertension, respectively. Laboratory parameters revealed mean hemoglobin of 13.04±1.91 gm/dl, mean total leukocyte count of 7378.49±3229 cells/cumm, mean platelet count of 2.3±0.8 lakhs/cumm, mean erythrocyte sediment rate of 40±30 mm/hr, mean ferritin level of 335.96 ng/ml, mean D-dimer level of 794.88 ng/ml and mean CRP of 23.27 mg/l. Severity was associated with higher age, symptomatic presentation, elevated leucocytes, and elevated inflammatory markers.